日前，國(guo)家發(fa)(fa)展改革委、國(guo)家能源(yuan)局聯合發(fa)(fa)布《氫能產(chan)業(ye)發(fa)(fa)展中長期規劃(hua)（2021—2035年）》，氫能正式(shi)被確立為(wei)未(wei)來國(guo)家能源(yuan)體系的(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)組成部分(fen)，成為(wei)實(shi)現綠色低(di)碳轉型(xing)的(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)載體。作為(wei)戰略性新(xin)興產(chan)業(ye)和未(wei)來產(chan)業(ye)的(de)重(zhong)(zhong)點發(fa)(fa)展方向，氫能將為(wei)我國(guo)加(jia)快能源(yuan)轉型(xing)升(sheng)級、培育經濟(ji)新(xin)增長點提供重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)戰略選擇(ze)。

  當前，我國(guo)(guo)氫(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)政(zheng)策支持力度(du)大、發展(zhan)態勢好，然(ran)而，與世(shi)界(jie)發達(da)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)相比仍(reng)處于發展(zhan)初期，具體表(biao)現為(wei)氫(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)安全水平不(bu)高、布局缺乏(fa)協同、模式(shi)創(chuang)新不(bu)足等。一(yi)些地方把(ba)氫(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)作為(wei)重(zhong)要的新動能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)培育，但缺乏(fa)對本地發展(zhan)氫(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的比較優(you)勢研(yan)究，由此造(zao)成氫(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)同質化嚴重(zhong)，區域氫(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)布局缺乏(fa)有效(xiao)協同，市場需(xu)求有限，產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)模式(shi)創(chuang)新不(bu)足。對此，需(xu)要多措并舉，構(gou)建安全為(wei)先(xian)、布局優(you)化、模式(shi)創(chuang)新的氫(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)體系(xi)。

  安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)為(wei)先是(shi)氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)發展的(de)前提。要加(jia)(jia)快研發安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)技(ji)(ji)術、建(jian)立安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)制(zhi)度、加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)監(jian)管。加(jia)(jia)快氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)制(zhi)取、儲(chu)存(cun)、運輸(shu)、加(jia)(jia)注(zhu)和應用(yong)全(quan)(quan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)鏈安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)技(ji)(ji)術研發，加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)氫(qing)(qing)氣泄漏(lou)檢(jian)測和關鍵(jian)設備狀態監(jian)測技(ji)(ji)術應用(yong)，預防氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)風險。加(jia)(jia)快形成(cheng)全(quan)(quan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)鏈的(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)監(jian)管制(zhi)度，完(wan)善氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)標準體(ti)系(xi)，嚴格(ge)把控(kong)氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)風險。強(qiang)化氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)和利用(yong)全(quan)(quan)過程(cheng)的(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)和監(jian)管主(zhu)體(ti)責任，促進各主(zhu)體(ti)提高(gao)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)意(yi)識，夯(hang)實氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)利用(yong)的(de)基礎。

  布局(ju)優化(hua)是氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)產(chan)業發展(zhan)的(de)核心。要結合各地區能(neng)源資源條件和產(chan)業集聚優勢，因地制宜開(kai)展(zhan)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)產(chan)業優化(hua)布局(ju)。在上游(you)制氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)側(ce)，積極探(tan)索(suo)可再生能(neng)源制氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)路徑，協同新(xin)能(neng)源為(wei)(wei)主體(ti)的(de)新(xin)型電(dian)(dian)力(li)系(xi)(xi)統建設，構建電(dian)(dian)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)耦合的(de)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)供給體(ti)系(xi)(xi)。在中游(you)儲運(yun)側(ce)，深入開(kai)展(zhan)天然(ran)氣(qi)、氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)氣(qi)的(de)技術特性研究(jiu)，充分利用現有天然(ran)氣(qi)管網基礎設施(shi)，結合氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)負荷需(xu)求，進一步優化(hua)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)加氣(qi)站布局(ju)，打通(tong)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)儲運(yun)的(de)關鍵(jian)堵點。在下游(you)用氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)側(ce)，積極拓(tuo)展(zhan)電(dian)(dian)力(li)、工業、建筑等(deng)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)應用場景，以需(xu)求為(wei)(wei)牽引(yin)促進氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)產(chan)業發展(zhan)。

  模(mo)(mo)式(shi)創(chuang)新是氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發展的支點。要積極利(li)用(yong)(yong)相關政(zheng)策，創(chuang)新氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的商業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)跨(kua)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)多市(shi)場協(xie)同發展模(mo)(mo)式(shi)，打造高(gao)價值氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈。氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)成本高(gao)一直(zhi)是制約(yue)氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)規模(mo)(mo)化(hua)開發的關鍵(jian)瓶頸，在(zai)發力氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)布局(ju)和(he)(he)技術的同時(shi)，要積極創(chuang)新氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)商業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)模(mo)(mo)式(shi)，充分吸引社會資本和(he)(he)風(feng)險(xian)投資，優(you)化(hua)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)路徑，增強產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)價值，降低產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)成本。同時(shi)，建立氫(qing)(qing)、電(dian)(dian)、碳市(shi)場協(xie)同發展模(mo)(mo)式(shi)，充分利(li)用(yong)(yong)多元(yuan)市(shi)場的引導和(he)(he)鼓勵作用(yong)(yong)，加強電(dian)(dian)、氫(qing)(qing)、碳多元(yuan)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈耦合和(he)(he)延伸(shen)，并帶動(dong)跨(kua)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、上(shang)下游產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)相關配套，促(cu)進(jin)氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)集聚和(he)(he)規模(mo)(mo)化(hua)發展。